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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD F. W. LOPER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALFTO CHARLES MGKEENE, OF SAME PLACE.

' COMPOSITION OF MATTER FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF lL'LUMlNATlNG-CANDLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 241,810, dated May 24,1881.

Application filed February 14, 1881. (No specimens.)

To all whom at may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD F. \V. LOPER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsyl- 5Vania, have invented a new and useful Composition of Matter to be usedfor the Manufacture of Illuminating-Candles, of which the following is aspecification.

My composition consists of the following ini0 gredients,viz: carbon oil,animal charcoahand wax. I combine these ingredient-i in about thefollowing proportions, to wit: carbon oil, 300 lire test, one part;animal charcoal, one part, and wax, two parts. These ingredients 15 aremingled thoroughly by agitatiomthe wax having tirst been melted. Thecharcoal absorbs and holds the carbon oil, and the wax enables thecomposition to be molded into the proper shape for candles. There areseveral equiva- 2o lents for wax which might be used for the samepurpose-such as stearinc, paraliine, spermaceti, tallow, &c.and by theterm wax, as used above, I desire to cover its equivalents; but x'perimentally Iii nd real wax to be the best 2 5 adapted for a vehicle orbody forthecompound,

and prefer it, therefore, to any named equivalent. I do not wish toconfine myself strictly to the proportions named above 01' therespective ingredients, inasmuch as quality of mate- 0 rial or climatemay render some difference of proportion necessary but I find theproportions cited satisfactoqy and prefer them to any other. I

By the use of the abovecompositionwe combine the safe and handyproperties of theillu-f 5 minatingcamlle with the brilliancy of flameofthe coal-oil lamp, thus obtaining a maximum of lightwith a minimumofdanger,andavoiding those accidents which so frequently resultfrom theuse of lamps. 40

I am aware that was has long been used as a material for constructingcandles of; but I am not aware of its ever havi ngbeen combined withanimal charcoal and carbon oil, or either ofthem; nor do I know of anyprevious com- 5 bination of animal charcoal with carbon oil..

\Vhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination of animal charcoal and carbon oil with wax, as acomposition of mat- 5o terfor making illuminating-camiles.

2. The herein-described composition of matter to be, used for themanufacture of candles, consisting of carbon oil, animal charcoal, andwax, in the proportions specified, or any modi- 55 float-ion cl them.

' RICHARD F. W. LOPER'.

Witnesses CIIAs. J. KLoPP, B. F. WAGNER.

